“老水手”的漫长旅程——从文学视窗中看人类生态意识的衍变

Evolution of mankind's ecological sense from a literary perspective

用现代生态学的观点去阅读过去的一些文学作品 ,我们将会发现人类现代的环境保护意识和生态平衡意识并非诞生于一朝一夕 ,它们和人类的自然观一样也经历了一个漫长而曲折的衍变过程 ,通过分析柯勒律治的《古舟子咏》、麦尔维尔的《白鲸》、以及海明威的《老人与海》 ,揭示这一过程中所表现出来的三种主要形态 :物我相亲、物我相征、以及相亲与相征并存。

The contradictory relationship between man and nature is the common topic of many literary works, yet reading these works from an ecological viewpoint, it can be found that man's sense of environmental protection and ecological balance of the present time is not all of a sudden but undergoes a long process of evolution as man's traditional outlook on the nature.Through analyzing S.T. Coleridge's The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, H. Melville's Moby Dick and E. Hemingway's The Old Man and the Sea, this article intends to bring to light the three major features in the evolution: love between man and nature, combat between man and nature, and love and combat simultaneously existing between man and nature.