常州词派与近代词学中的解释学思想

Hermeneutics of Changzhou School of Ci and the Modern Theory of Ci

张惠言以微言大义说词 ,在近代引发了一场阐释文本意义的理论论争。谭献认为张惠言以比兴寄托解读唐宋词 ,从理论上说接近于他所说的“作者未必然 ,读者何必不然” ,是主张把文本的解释权交给读者。严既澄、王国维则认为张惠言“语语笺其遥旨” ,“实皆比附陈言” ,特别是他以比兴寄托解读温庭筠更是“深文罗织”。谢章铤一方面批评张惠言以比兴寄托解读唐宋词是“强作解事” ,另一方面以为皋文之说不可泥亦不可弃 ,他的主张是读者有自己阐释文本的权利 。

ZhangHuiyan, who explained Ci theory with the way of sublime words with profound meanings, brings on a theoretical tussle about explaining the content of Ci theory in the later period of the Qing Dynasty. Tan Xian considers that the way of Zhang Huiyan explaining Tang-Song-Ci, theoretically speaking, close to his opinion that the reader explaining isn't necessarily the author's meaning, protests to give the authority of the author explaining the text. Yan Jicheng and Wang Guowei consider the way of Zhang Huiyan explaining Tang-Song-Ci is wrong. Xie Zhang-tin criticizes the way of Zhang Huiyan explaining Tang-Song-Ci, and thinks Aowen's theory should discard the dross and select the essential. He thinks the reader has the right of explaining the text without departuring from the author's meaning.