黄土高原地区的生态建设与政策创新

Ecological Construction And Policy Innovations In Loess Plateau Region

生态环境建设是西部大开发的根本切入点。黄土高原地区是我国生态环境最为严峻的地区 ,目前仍有 2 9万 km2 的土地有待治理 ,任务十分艰巨。本区生态环境建设的主要阻力是生态系统脆弱、经济系统贫困、科技文化水平落后、生态建设效益滞后、投资巨大等。提出的对策是稳定落实“退田还林”补贴政策 ,完善多元化的生态建设投资体系 ,建立公平合理的资源开发政策体系 ,加强生态环境建设的科技支撑作用 ,严格控制人口的快速增长等。强调排除阻力、促进生态环境建设的关键是调整思路 ,在各项政策和措施上都有所创新 。

The western development is an important strategic task in our country,and protection and construction of ecological environment are the key points to carry out the western development.The Loess Plateau region,which still has an area of about 290 000km+2 by 1998 that must be harnessed,is the most vulnerable ecological region of our country.This paper, put forward the countermeasures for improving ecological environment after analyzing the resistances of the ecological construction related to vulnerability of ecological system,low efficiency of economic system,backward social and cultural system and bendficial lagging of ecological construction,and so on.The countermeasures are (1) to steadily carry out foodstuff subsidy policy;(2) to make investment system of ecological construction; (3) to set up equal and rational resources exploitation policy system; (4) to strengthen the support of science and technology for improving ecological environment;and (5) to reduce natrual increase rate of population.In the article it was also respectively emphasized that the key point to quicken the construction of ecological environment is to take innovations and breakthroughs at each term policy and measures.