籼稻花药培养力的遗传研究

Genetic Studies on Anther-Culture Response in Indica Rice (Oryza sativa sub sp. Indica)

用5个籼稻品种(系)及其完全双列杂交组合F_1进行花药培养,研究了不同基因型间培养力的差异及遗传。 花药培养力是一个可以遗传的特性,在不同基因型间有明显差异。出愈率,绿苗分化率和绿苗生产率的一般配合力方差,特殊配合力方差很显著,广义遗传力较高,但狭义遗传力较小,存在杂种优势和胞质效应。三个特性相比,绿苗生产率有最大的广义遗传力,但一般配合力方差的相对比重(GCa％)和狭义遗传力以出愈率最高。因此,在水稻花培育种中利用高培养力的亲本经合理配组是可能获得高频率绿苗的杂种。

The genotypical differences of anther梒ulture response and its inheritance were studied with five indica rice varietics and their F1 offsprings. The response of anther culture differed significantly among various varieties. Both general combining ability (GCA%) and specific combining ability (SCA%) were important for the rate of callus induced, rate of green plantlct regenerated, and antherculture productivity. The high broad heritabilitics and the low narrow heritabilities were found for the three characters. Cytoplasmic effect and hcterosis were involved as well. Of the three characters tested, the highest broad beritability was found with the anther-culture productivity; the highest GCA and highest narrow hcritabilily were found with the rate of callus reduced. For that reason, it should be effective to increase the frequency of green plants by using parents with good combining ability.