表面活性剂的结构与生物降解性的关系

Relationship between structure and biodegradation of surfactant

对表面活性剂的生物降解性进行了全面的概述。着重讨论了表面活性剂的降解性能与结构的关系 :表面活性剂的生物降解性主要由疏水基团决定 ,并随着疏水基线性程度的增加而增加 ,末端季碳原子会显著降低降解度 ,疏水链长短也影响降解性 ;表面活性剂的亲水基性质对生物降解度有次要的影响 ;乙氧基链长影响非离子表面活性剂的生物降解性 ;增加磺酸基和疏水基末端之间的距离 ,烷基苯磺酸盐的初级生物降解度增加(距离原则)。

The biodegradation of surfactants have been reviewed in detail.Discussing about mainly the relationship between biodegradation and structure:Structure of the hydophobegroup was a very important determinant of biodegrdabaility,biodegradation was promoted by increased hydrophobe linearity and deterred by hydrophobe branching,particularly by terminal quaternary;The nature of hydrophile have a minor influence on the biodegradability.The chain of EO had effect on biodegradability of nonionic surfactant.Biodegradability of alkylbenzenesulfonate promoted when increasing the distance of sulfonate group and the termination of hydrophobe group(distance principle).The research tendency in our country in recent years was put forward.