中国的酸雨对材料腐蚀的经济损失估算

ESTIMATION OF THE CORROSION LOSSES BY THE ACIDIC RAIN IN CHINA

阐述了酸雨的形成和定义 ,酸雨在中国的分布与危害 .根据传统的经验方法和Uhlig方法保守的估计了中国酸雨在 1999年对材料的直接经济损失大约 30亿元 .间接损失要远高于这个数字 .

The formation and definition of acidic rain are described respectively.Usually the rain with the pH value less than 5.6 is called acidic rain.The corrosion due to the acidic rain is the most important type of the atmosphere corrosion.The area where acidic rain falls covers one third of all over Chinese areas.With the developments of Chinese economy,acid precipitation area increased,the corrosion loss also increased.The direct corrosion loss due to the acidic rain on the material in 1999 was estimated to be 3.0 billion RMB or so by the experience estimation and Uhlig method.