劳动价值论的社会理论及其分析技术

The Labor Theory of Value: Its Social Theory and Analytical Technology

劳动价值论具有社会理论和分析技术的两重性 ,任何一种经济学说都不同程度地与社会理论相联系。把坚持劳动价值论与坚持资本和其他生产要素参与收益分配对立起来 ,是不同理论层次认识上的错位。从社会关系的角度认识价值决定过程 ,既是深化劳动价值论社会理论研究的重要方面 ,也是把社会学引入经济学研究的尝试。劳动价值论分析技术的条件设定 ,使劳动价值论成为“简单劳动”的价值论 ;把有条件限定的分析技术 ,无条件地当作一般原理 ,是原理解说的重大失误。劳动价值论两重性的实质 ,是广博、丰富、深刻的社会理论与被严格限定的分析技术的矛盾冲突或内在分离性的结果。价值分析与价格分析是两种不同的理论模式 ,它们的结构性分离是不可避免的。

The labor theory of value has a dual character: social theory and analytical technique. All economic theories have affiliations with social theory at different levels. Distribution according to labor and distribution according to capital and other factors of production are issues belonging to different levels of theory; it is wrong to set one form of distribution against the other. To understand the fulfilling of value from the perspective of social relations not only constitutes an important approach to studying social theories pertaining to the labor theory of value in more depth, but also represents an attempt to apply sociology to the field of economic studies. The conditions imposed on the analytical technique rendered the labor theory of value a “simple labor' theory of value. It is a tremendous mistake in interpreting the fundamental tenets of Marxism to take a conditional analytical technique as an unconditional general principle. The essence of the dual nature of the labor theory of value is the result of conflict of contradictions between the extensive, rich and profound social theory and a strictly conditioned analytical technique. The analysis of value and the analysis of price are two different theoretical models and their structural separation is inevitable.