碳税与碳排放

Carbon tax and carbon emission

二氧化碳 (CO2 )是引起全球气候变化的最重要的温室气体。碳税常常被认为是成本有效的碳减排政策工具 ,目前世界上已经有一些国家征收碳税或能源税。作者应用建立的一个中国 MARKAL -MACRO模型 ,研究了征收碳税对中国碳排放和宏观经济的影响。研究表明 :1)征收碳税将会导致较大的国内生产总值 (GDP)损失 ;2 )

Carbon dioxide (CO 2) is the most important greenhouse gas. Carbon taxes have been frequently advocated as a cost effective instrument for reducing carbon emissions. A MARKAL MACRO model of the China energy economy system was developed to examine the impact of carbon taxes on the Chinese energy system and economy. The results show that carbon taxatation would cause GDP (gross domestic product) less, but there is an optimal carbon tax rate which would effectively reduce carbon emission without a large impact on the GDP.