维也纳森林土壤化学特征与欧洲水青冈菌根关系的研究

STUDIES ON THE REIATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF FOREST SOIL AND THE BEECH MYCORRHIZAE IN THE VIENNA WOODS

为探讨树干茎流和土壤酸化对欧洲水青冈菌根的影响,土壤营养与菌根的关系,我们对土壤的pH、植物可利用态K、Ca、Mg、Mn、酸性树干茎流积累的Pb和溶解的Al以及土壤的全氮、全磷进行了测定,结果表明:土壤矿质营养与菌根之间没有紧密的相关关系;在土壤pH值高于4.0的情况下,酸性树干茎流沉积的Pb和释放的Al离子,对茎流入土区的菌根影响甚微。同时,在这一pH值范围内,土壤酸化对菌根的生长是有利的。

8 sample trees were selected from an 100-year-old beech wood at seriously polluted Exelberg in Vienna Woods. From the entering area of stemflow and the area between stems contrary to slop direction soil samples were taken. Their pH, contents of vegetable absorbent K, Ca, Mg and Mn, total nitrogen and total carbon as well as contents of Pb and Al were measured. In order to study the effect of soil acidification on beech mycorrhizae at 20 different beech sites of the Vienna Woods humus samples were also taken from the area between stems. According to the following characteristics, colour of the hyPhal mantel, branching form and hyPhae, which grow out from the hyPhal mantel into the soil, the sampled mycorrhizae were divided into 17 individual types. Based upon their anatomical characteristics they were placed into one of two groups: 'healthy' or 'damaged' mycorrhizae. The results from the Vienna Woods show that there is not a strong corelationship between the soil mineral nutrients and the beech mycorrhiza. Effects of Pb and Al which is deposited or dissolved through the stemflow on mycorrhiza are very little. The soil pH is favourable for maintaining mycorrhizae in a vigorous condition (Nr. 1) as long as it is above 4.0.