鼎湖山自然保护区土壤的矿物组成

THE MINERAL COMPOSITIONS OF THE SOIL IN THE DINGHU MOUNTAIN NATURAL RESERVATION

鼎湖山自然保护区土壤的矿物组成,由山脚到山顶,2∶1型粘粒矿物和结晶态氧化铁矿物渐增,高岭石渐减;粗粒矿物以石英为主,其次是云母或叶腊石,并伴有钾长石、高岭石或蛭石。0.1毫米以上粒级全部由原生矿物组成。

Dinghu Mountain,with an altitude of 1000. 3m,has a unique mini-climate condition and is covered with forest. The soil forming rock mainly was sandstone which was mixed shale,but there were some quartz-porphyry and granite has been found on the top of the mountain and in some area. The soils from the mountain foot to the summit are in order of red earth,mountain yellow earth and mountain shrubby meadow soil with the changes of the ecological environment and forming condition of soil. Correoponding to the vertical sequence of soil,the quantity of 2:1 type minerals increased in the clay mineral composition,that of kaolinite decreased and that of crystalline iron oxide increased gradally. The iron oxide mineral of mountain yellow earth and red earth was goethite mainly,that of mountain shrubby meadow soil was hematite mainly. Besides mica or pyrophyllite,the coarse minerals was quartz mainly,and that has a little feldspar,or kaolinite or vermiculite. In the part of 0. 1- 1.0mm minerals were all composed of primary minerals. The changes of minerals of soil which developed from thesandstone mixed shale In this mountain were :Mica→Hydromica→Hydromica; Vermicalite→Vermicalite;Feldspar→Halloysite→Kaolinite→Gibbsite;Feldspar→Gibbsite. Isorthoclase→Hydromica(?) Kaolinite. The factors of the particular mineral composition of the Dinghu Mountain soil were its parent material,geological condition, ecological environment, etc.