与下颌角肥大整形术相关的下颌骨测量

An osteometry realated with the operation of correcting enlarged mandibular angle

目的 探讨下颌角角度、下颌支高度、下颌角间宽、下颌角外翻角度之间的相关关系 ,为下颌角肥大整形术提供临床解剖学基础资料。方法 对 2 0具成人尸体的离体下颌骨进行定点测量 ,测量下颌角间宽 ,分左右侧测量下颌角角度、下颌支高度、下颌角外翻角度 ,并对其之间的关系进行相关统计分析。结果 下颌角角度、下颌支高度、下颌角外翻角度的左右侧无明显差异。以左侧为例 ,下颌角角度、下颌支高度、下颌角外翻角度、下颌角间宽数值为 (119± 6 .83)°、(6 7.71± 4 .2 0 )mm、(18.70± 10 .5 7)°、(10 4 .5 1± 5 .16 )mm ,下颌角间宽与下颌角外翻角度呈显著相关 (r=0 .875 ,P <0 .0 1) ,下颌角外翻角度与下颌支高度呈显著相关 (r =0 .80 4 ,P <0 .0 1)。结论 正常下颌角有一定的外翻角度 ,外翻角度是决定下颌角间宽的主要原因。下颌角肥大截骨术应分别针对下颌角外翻、下颌角角度过小及下颌支过高设计截骨方案。

Objective The purpose of this study was to determine the reasons of the prominence of mandibular angle and the relationship between the gonion degree, the height and breadth of the mandibular ramus, bigonial breadth and the eversion degree of gonion, and to provide a morphological and anatomic basis for correcting the prominence of mandibular angle. Methods 20 fresh adult skulls measure ments were performed. The bigonial breadth, the degree of the gonion angle, the height and breadth of the mandible ramus, the eversion degree of gonion were obtained. The descriptive data were analyzed by software SPSS10.0. Results The descriptive data of the mandibular angle, the height of the ramus, bigonial breadth and eversion degree of gonion were (119±6.83)°,(67.71±4.20)mm,(104.51±5.16)mm,(18.70±10.57)°, the bigonial breadth was significantly related with the degree of the gonial eversion angle (r=0.875,P<0.01). Conclusion The eversion of the mandibular angle is an important factor to determine the bigonial breadth. When osteotomy for reducing the width of the lower face is to be dome, the above mentioned changes should be considered respectively.