俄罗斯的软实力与国家复兴

Russia's Soft Power and National Revival

虽然自约瑟夫·奈提出"软实力"概念以来,俄罗斯政界和学界反应并不积极,但对"国家形象"的理论和实践始终都给予了高度关注。普京从第三任期开始,对软实力的重视上升到了战略的层面。俄罗斯对"软实力"的理解具有鲜明的本国特色,文化、语言和领袖形象是构建俄罗斯软实力的重要资源。俄罗斯设立国际合作署等机构以及论坛,通过文化交流改善国家形象,同时加强媒体建设,在国际传播领域争夺话语权。俄罗斯的软实力发展与硬实力发展并不匹配,特别是乌克兰危机爆发以来,俄罗斯的软实力严重折损。因此,软实力战略仍然是一项长期的发展任务。

Russia has given the high attention to the theory and practice of ' national image' although its response to the concept of 'soft power',which was put forward by Joseph Nye,hasn't been positive.Starting from his third term,President Putin has put the soft power issue at the strategic level.Russia's understanding of 'soft power' has the distinctive national features.Culture,language,and the image of leader are the important resources in the construction of Russian soft power.With setting the international cooperation agency, ' the Russian world' foundation,the Valdai Club and cultural exchange,Russia improves the national image,while strengthening the construction of the media to manage to have the right to speak in the field of international communication.So far,Russia has achieved good results on that.However,Russian soft power,doesn' t match with its hard power.Since the Ukrainian crisis broke out,Russia almost lost its soft power at all.Being a great power,Russia still has long way to go to develop it soft power.