基于地理信息系统的海啸灾害模型

Integration of tsunami inundation model with GIS

应用地理信息系统技术开发了海啸灾害损失评估系统。通过浅水非线性方程数值模型 ,模拟海啸运动过程。数值模型采用“迎风”格式 ,并考虑底摩擦和移动边界条件。采用ArcView作为地理信息系统平台 ,同海啸运动数值模型进行集成。对夏威夷Hilo湾 196 0年Chilean海啸进行了模拟和计算 ,给出了淹没面积和流速场分布。

Geographical information system (GIS) technology is used to develop a system to evaluate the tsunami hazard caused by tsunami propagation and runup. Tsunami propagation and runup is simulated by a numerical model, in which the upwind scheme is employed, the bottom friction is considered and the moving boundary condition is implemented along the shoreline, to solve a set of nonlinear shallow water equations. ArcView is used as the GIS tool to integrate with the tsunami numerical model. The inundation area, water free surface profile, velocity distribution for Hilo Bay, Hawaii, 1960 Chilean tsunami are calculated and visualized.