试论唐末五代代北集团的形成

The Daibei Group: How it was Formed in the Late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties

所谓唐末五代的代北集团，是指从唐末以来兴起于今山西北部、河北西部和内蒙古中部一带，以沙陀三部落为核心，融合奚、突厥、回鹘、吐谷浑、鞑靼等所谓五部之众以及汉族等多种民族成分在内的军人政治集团。这一集团是唐末李克用太原割据政权和五代后唐、后晋、后汉三王朝以及北汉小朝廷统治的主要社会基础。本文对这一集团的形成过程及其组成成分进行了考察。

By the Daibei Group, the author means the military-political group led by the Shatuo tribes in the history. The group, also including the so-called Five Tribes, i.e., the Xis, Turks, Uyghus, Tuyuhuns and Tartars as well as the Hans, took shape in Daibei, the border area linking northern Shanxi, western Hebei and central Inner Mongolia in the Late Tang Dynasty and the following short dynasties. This group formed the social foundation both for the Li Keyong's Taiyuan separatist regime in the late Tang Dynasty, and for the three dynasties, such as Later Tang, Later Jin and Later Han, and the separatist dynasty of Northern Han in the Period of Five Dynasties. This paper examines the group in terms of its forming process and composition.