长江下游重点江段水质污染及对鱼类的毒性影响

WATER POLLUTION AND ITS TOXICITY TO FISHES IN THE MAJOR AREAS OF THE LOWER RESEARCHES OF THE YANGTZE RIVER

通过对长江下游安庆、南京、镇江和长江口 4江段水质及其对鱼类毒性影响的调查发现 ,长江下游江段主航道的水质符合国家地面Ⅱ类标准 ,但近岸的污染带水质受到一定程度的污染 ,其主要污染物为石油烃类和挥发酚等 ,这些污染物对鱼类有一定的毒性影响 ,可引起鱼类的急性中毒 ,并可诱导鱼类产生微核。同时在上述几个江段内的鱼体内可检出较高的污染物残留。这表明长江下游江段已受到不同程度的污染 ,这种污染对区域性渔业有影响。

The water pullution and its toxicity to fishes in the areas of Anqin, Nanjing, Zhenjiang and Changjiang estuary along the Yangtze River were being investigated. The results indicated that the water quality of the main channel was up to the state grade 2 standard for surface water. But the water quality along the river bank was mainly polluted by petroleum hydrocarbons and volatile phenol . These contaminants were toxic to fishes at a certain degree. They not only induced the acute toxicity to fishes, but also caused heightened percentage the micronucleus in fishes. High accumulations were found in fishes in the above mentioned river areas. It has showed that the lower reaches of the Yangtze River are polluted by the industrial effluent and the fishery in these areas affected by the pollution.