天南星科叶表皮研究

Epidermal Characters of Leaves in Araceae

利用光学显微镜对天南星科 18属 2 7种及菖蒲科 1属 1种植物的叶表皮微形态进行观察 ,同时用扫描电镜对具代表性的 14种植物作了研究。结果显示 :天南星科气孔类型变异较大 ,有不规则型、辐射型、平列型、胞环型及平列型和胞环型间的过渡类型 ;副卫细胞数目 0～ 12个 ;表皮细胞长宽近相等 ,平周壁具条纹或否 ,垂周壁平直、弧形或波浪形。虽然气孔类型对天南星科分类上的意义不大 ,但与表皮细胞垂周壁形状、副卫细胞角质层纹饰等特征相结合对种间分类有一定意义。天南星科与菖蒲科叶表皮微形态明显不同 ,从而支持菖蒲属从天南星科中分出另立为科的观点。

The leaf epidermal structures of 27 species from 18 genera of Araceae and 1 species from Acoraceae were examined under light microscope,14 of which were observed with scanning electron microscope.The stomatal apparatus types of Araceae vary from anomocytic,actinocytic to paracytic,cyclocytic and transitionary type between paracytic and cyclocytic;the numbers of subsidiary cells from zero to twelve.Epidermal cells are nearly isodiametric in outline with straight,arched and undulate anticlinal walls.Striate ornamentation occurs on periclinal walls of epidermal cells in some species.Although the stomatal apparatus types in Araceae are of little taxonomical significance at infra-family level of Araceae,the combined characters of stomatal apparatuses,the shape of anticlinal wall and ornamentation of cuticules in guard cells may be useful for species identification.The separation of Acorus from Araceae is supported by leaf epidermal structures.