通用最大功原理的建立

General maximum work principle

通过对磁介质系统的讨论,指出传统热力学中最大功原理在应用到含有多项广义功系统时的不足,根据通用特征函数的概念,建立了通用最大功原理——系统经历一热力学过程.如果描述该过程的所有强度量x_i不发生变化,那么从系统所能获得的最大功,除■x,dX_j外,等于与该过程相关的特征函数的减少.该原理包含了传统热力学最大功原理.

The failure in which maximum work principle in traditional thermody- namics is applied to the system involved multidudious general works is in- dicated.Based on the conception of the general characteristic function,the general maximum work principle is obtained,i.e.in thermodynamic process of a system,if all intensive variables x:of this process are not changed, the maximum work gained from the system,except (?)x_jdX_j,is equal to the decrement of the characteristic function corresponding with the process. The principle involves Helmholtz’s and Gibbs’principle of maximum work.