宁夏银川市儿童伤害流行病学特征分析

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics of child injury in Yinchuan Ningxia

目的了解宁夏银川市儿童伤害非致死性和致死性病例流行特征,为制定伤害防控策略提供科学依据。方法收集银川市3家伤害哨点监测医院2006-2012年儿童伤害病例,使用全国伤害管理软件及Excel 2010进行分析。结果收集0~17岁儿童伤害病例16 730例,包括非致死性16 632例和致死性98例。全部病例男女比为1.97∶1,其中学龄前儿童占48.20%,学龄儿童占51.80%;总病例伤害发生原因前3位为跌倒/坠落、道路交通伤害和烧烫伤,历年病例伤害发生原因顺位无明显差异,与总病例大体一致;伤害发生地点主要为家中、公路/街道和学校。致死性病例以男性为主;发生原因主要为交通伤害,其次为跌倒/坠落和溺水,第三为烧烫伤和中毒;发生地点前3位依次为公路/街道、家中和公共居住场所。结论银川市儿童伤害主要以非致死性伤害为主,其中学龄前儿童与学龄儿童各约占一半,发生原因主要为跌倒/坠落,发生地点主要为家中;致死性伤害发生原因主要为交通伤害,发生地点主要为公路/街道,为制定有针对性的儿童伤害防控策略及干预措施提供科学依据。

Objective To learn epidemic characteristics of Ningxia nonfatal child injury and fatal cases and to provide a scientific basis for the development of injury prevention and control strategies. Methods Cases of injury card information were gathered from Yinchuan 3hurt sentinel surveillance hospitals from 2006 to 2012.Statistical analysis was used by the national injury management software and Excel 2010. Results A total of 16 730 cases of child injury cases were collected from 0to 17 years old,including 16 632non-fatal cases and 98 fatal cases.Male to female ratio was 1.97∶1in all cases,which accounted for 48.20% of preschool children,school-age children accounted for 51.80%;First three injuries were fall/fall,road traffic injuries and burns,no difference was found between the historical cases injury causes sequence,consistented with the total cases in general;sites of injury was mainly home,road/street and schools.Fatal cases was a male dominated;reason for the occurrence of major traffic injuries,followed by the fall/fall and drowning,and the burns and poisoning;former occurred location were road/street,home and public living spaces. Conclusions Child injury in Yinchuan mainly dominated nonfatal injuries,which accounted for about half of all preschool and school-age children,the main reason for the occurrence of falls/fall,place occurs mainly at home;Cause of fatal injury occurred mainly traffic injuries,the major place of the occurrence was road/street.It provided a scientific basis to develop targeted child injury prevention and control strategies and interventions.