河南某乡农村留守初中生身心亚健康状况及影响因素

Current situation and its influencing factors of physical and mental sub-health for rural left-behind junior high school students in a village of Henan

目的了解河南某乡农村留守初中生身心亚健康现状,探讨留守初中生身心亚健康的主要影响因素。方法选取河南农村2所中学的721名学生作为研究对象,其中留守学生373名,非留守学生348名;对其采用《青少年亚健康多维评定问卷》(MSQA)和自编的留守初中生一般情况调查表进行调查。结果留守学生身心亚健康、躯体亚健康、心理亚健康及各维度得分均高于非留守学生(P<0.05);留守学生的身心亚健康、躯体亚健康和心理亚健康报告率分别为30.6%、37.0%和40.2%。不同类型留守学生的身心亚健康状况:女生的身心亚健康、躯体亚健康和心理亚健康均差于男生,P<0.05);在身心亚健康和心理亚健康方面,家里3个子女及更多的差于2个子女及以下;留守时间长的学生差于留守时间短的学生;父母双方外出打工组学生差于父母单方外出组学生(P值均<0.05)。多因素非条件logistic回归分析结果显示,影响留守初中生身心亚健康的因素主要包括性别、留守时间、孩子数量、父母外出打工情况、父母关心程度、与父母交流的难易度、看护人意愿、朋友的多少。结论留守初中生的身心健康状况较差,并存在很多相关危险因素,相关部门应及时采取针对性干预措施,以提高该乡留守中学生的健康水平。

Objective To study the current situation and its influencing factors of physical and mental sub-health for rural left-behind junior high school students in a village of Henan. Methods A total of 721 students from two junior high schools in Henan rural were selected,373 were left-behind children,348 were non-left-behind children.All the students and their personal information were investigated by multidimensional sub-health questionnaire of adolescents(MSQA). Results The dimension scores of physical and mental sub-health,physical sub-health,mental sub-health for rural left-behind junior high school students were higher than those of the non-left-behind students(P<0.05);The prevalence rates of physical and mental sub-health,physical sub-health,mental sub-health for rural left-behind junior high school students were respectively30.6%,37.0% and 40.2%.Physical and mental sub-health status of different types of left behind students:girls were inferior to boys(physical and mental sub-health,physical sub-health,mental sub-health,P<0.05);3and more children in family were inferior to 2children and less(physical and mental sub-health,mental sub-health,P<0.05);Long time left-behind students were worse than short term left-behind students(physical and mental sub-health,mental sub-health,P<0.05);Students with parents both working outside were also worse than those with unilateral parent working outside(physical and mental sub-health,mental sub-health,P<0.05).Based on multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis,the influencing factors of physical and mental sub-health for rural left-behind junior high school students were:sex,staying time,the number of children,the situation of parents going out to work,parents' concern,the difficulty of communicating with parents,desire of caretakers,number of friends. Conclusions Physical and mental sub-health status for rural left-behind junior high school students is poor and there are many risk factors.The government departments should take proper interventions to improve the health of students.