注意缺陷多动障碍儿童及其父母的人格特征的相关研究

Study on personality of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its relation with their parents' personality

目的研究注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童及其父母的人格特点及其相关关系。方法抽取ADHD儿童60例和正常对照儿童60例,由儿童完成艾森克个性问卷(儿童版)。60例ADHD儿童的父母和60例正常对照儿童的父母共240人同时完成艾森克个性问卷(成人版)。结果 ADHD组儿童在精神质(P)和神经质(N)两个因子得分显著地高于对照组(P<0.01),而内外向性(E)和掩饰性(L)两个因子得分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。ADHD组父亲的精神质(P)得分显著高于对照组(P<0.01),而掩饰性(L)得分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。ADHD组母亲神经质(N)因子得分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),而掩饰性(L)因子得分显著低于对照组(P<0.01)。回归分析显示,父亲E分与ADHD儿童的P分呈负相关;母亲P分与儿童E分呈正相关,父亲L分与儿童E分呈负相关;父亲E分、母亲E分与ADHD儿童的N分呈负相关,母亲N分和父亲P分与其呈正相关;父母亲个性特点各因子均与ADHD儿童的L分无明显相关性。结论ADHD儿童及其父母的人格有一定的特征,两者有一定的相关性。

Objective To find out the personality characteristics of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)and its relation with their parents'. Methods A total of 60 ADHD children and 60 normal children were estimated by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire for children.The parents of the all children finished the Questionnaire for adults. Results The scores of psychoticism and neuroticism in ADHD children were significantly higher than those in normal control group(P<0.01).The scores of introversion-extroversion and lie in ADHD group were significantly lower than those in normal control group(P<0.01).The score of psychoticism of ADHD children's father was significantly higher and the score of lie was significantly lower than those in normal control group(P<0.01).The score of neuroticism in ADHD children's mother was significantly higher(P<0.05)and the score of lie was significantly lower(P<0.01)than those in normal control group.The father's E score was negatively related to ADHD children's P score.The mother's P score was positively related to ADHD children's E score and the father's L score was negatively related to.The father's E score and the mother's E score were negatively related to ADHD children's N score;The mother's N score and the father's P score were positively related to.The parents' scores of all factors were not significantly related to ADHD children's L score. Conclusion The personality in ADHD children and their parents have its own characteristics and are related.