陕西省南部贫困农村婴幼儿养育行为现状及其风险因素分析

Status and risk factors for parenting behavior of infants from rural areas in southern Shaanxi province,China

目的了解陕西省南部贫困农村地区18~30月龄婴幼儿养育行为现状及其特征,分析其风险因素。方法基于我国陕南农村地区1 243个婴幼儿及其家庭调查数据,使用独立样本t检验和多元线性回归分析方法从婴幼儿、监护人和家庭层面剖析贫困地区家庭婴幼儿养育行为的相关风险因素。结果 1)67.34%的样本婴幼儿监护人为母亲,10.62%的监护人为高中及以上教育;2)"昨天给儿童讲故事","陪孩子唱歌和陪孩子玩游戏"的比例分别仅为13.68%、38.37%和39.90%,而"有时或经常打孩子屁股"的家庭高达90%以上;3)监护人的受教育程度、家庭能否上互联网、监护人是否有手机以及家庭房屋价值和监护人的养育行为间均有显著关系(P<0.05)。结论提高农村居民的受教育水平以及农村互联网的普及率,有利于改善农村地区婴幼儿家庭的养育行为。

Objective To investigate the situation of parenting behavior and related risk factors of infants aged 18~30 months from rural areas in southern Shaanxi province.Methods A total of 1 243 infants and their families from rural areas of southern Shaanxi province,China were enroulled in this study.Multivariate regression analysis and t-test were performed to determine the risk factors for the parenting behavior in caregivers.Results 1) The mother was the primary caregiver for 67.34% of the children in the sample.For these infants,10.62% of the mothers had completed fewer than 9 years of schooling;2) 13.68% of caregivers read to their children.Similarly,38.37% of caregivers sang to their children on the day prior to survey administration.39.9% of parents used toys to play with their children on the day prior to survey administration.Most sample households (90%) spank the infants sometimes or often.3)Multivariate regression analysis showed that caregivers' education,access to internet and telephones,and the assets of household have significant impact on the parenting behavior (P<0.01).Conclusion Improving the education and access to internet in rural area can decrease the risk of development in infants.