杭州市某区幼儿情绪能力现状及其相关因素分析

Analysis on the situation and the related factors of the toddlers' emotional competence in a district of Hangzhou

目的调查杭州市某区幼儿情绪能力的现状,并对其相关因素进行分析。方法于2016年,采用横断面研究,随机抽取3个社区卫生服务中心,采用随机抽样的调查方式,对在预防接种留观室及儿童保健门诊部的381名12~36月幼儿(以其母亲作为报告人)进行问卷调查。应用《12~36月龄幼儿情绪社会性评估量表》的外显行为域及内隐行为域筛查幼儿的情绪能力,应用单因素分析及多重线性回归分析幼儿情绪能力的相关因素。结果共检出外显行为域异常的幼儿37人(9.7%),内隐行为域异常的幼儿44人(11.5%);多重线性回归提示,外显行为域的相关因素为母亲文化程度(β=0.836,P=0.001),内隐行为域的相关因素为幼儿性别(β=1.980,P=0.003)。结论杭州市某区幼儿的情绪能力不容乐观,母亲文化程度、幼儿性别是影响幼儿情绪能力的主要因素。建议家长加强学习培养幼儿的相关知识,高度重视幼儿(尤其是女性幼儿)情绪能力的培养。

Objective To investigate the situation of the toddlers' emotional competence in a district of Hangzhou and to analyse the related factors.Methods This was a cross-sectional study,and three community health service centers were randomly selected in 2016.A total of 381 toddlers aged 12~36 months in the observation room of vaccination and outpatient department of the children health care were enrolled by random sampling method.The toddler's mothers were the reporters to finish questionnaires.Toddler's emotional competence was screened by the externalizing domain and internalizing domain of Infant and Toddler Social-emotional Assessment(ITSEA).Univariate analysis and multiple linear regression were used to analyze the related factors influencing toddlers' emotional competence.Results 37 toddlers(9.7%)were positive in externalizing domain and 44 toddlers(11.5%)were positive in internalizing domain.Multiple linear regression indicated that related factor of externalizing domain was mothers' education degree(β=0.836,P=0.001);The related factor of internalizing domain was toddlers' gender(β=1.980,P=0.003).Conclusions The toddlers in a district of Hangzhou is still weak in emotional competence.And mothers' education level,toddlers' gender are the main related factors influenceing toddlers' emotional competence.Therefore,parents need to learn more knowledge on how to train the toddlers' emotional competence.Meanwhile,they are suggested to attach great importance to the cultivation of toddlers' emotional competence,especially to female children.