厦门市某区253名6～8岁儿童双酚A暴露水平及影响因素分析

Study on current status and influencing factors of bisphenol A exposure among 235 children aged 6 to 8 years in Xiamen

目的 评估6~8岁儿童双酚A(BPA)的暴露水平及其影响因素,为儿童BPA的暴露评估及健康保护提供依据。方法 2017年9-10月在厦门市某区选择一所小学,在知情同意下对一、二年级(6~8岁)学生进行尿样收集和问卷调查。采用三重串联四级杆液质联用法测定尿液(BPA)含量,分别采用单因素秩和检验和二分类Logistic回归模型分析其影响因素。结果 纳入研究的253名学生尿液双酚A检出率为89.33%,质量浓度范围中位数为1.55 ng/ml,四分位数间距为0.39~3.95 ng/ml。Logistic回归分析发现,在控制性别、父母文化程度及家庭收入之后,6岁儿童双酚A检出率高于7岁儿童(P=0.031)和8岁儿童(P=0.007);使用塑料水杯是儿童双酚A暴露的危险因素(OR=2.640,95%CI:1.039~6.707,P=0.041)。结论 厦门市6~8岁儿童可能普遍存在双酚A暴露;低龄学生可能更易受到双酚A暴露,使用塑料水杯可能是学龄儿童双酚A暴露的主要危险因素之一。

Objective To evaluate current status and influencing factors of urinary bisphenol-A(BPA)among children aged 6 to 8 years in Xiamen,in order to provide reference for the assessment and prevention of BPA exposure.Methods Questionnaires and spot urine samples were collected from 253 primary school students aged 6 to 8 years in Xiamen from September to October in 2017.Urinary BPA concentration was determined by Triple Quadurupole Liquid Chromatography-Tandem mass Spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)and its potential risk factors were analyzed through single-factor and multi-factors statistics methods.Results The detection rate of urinary BPA in 253 students was 89.33%,and the median concentration was 1.55 ng/ml,the interquartile range was 0.39-3.95 ng/ml.After adjusting gender,age,family socio-economic status and education level of parents,Logistic regression analysis indicated that the detection rate of BPA in 6-year-old children was higher than those in children at the age of 7 years(P=0.031)and 8 years(P=0.007).Moreover,using plastic cups for drinking water was a risk factor for BPA exposure(OR=2.640,95%CI:1.039-6.707,P=0.041).Conclusions Children aged 6 to 8 years in Xiamen may be widely exposed to BPA,and children with lower age are more vulnerable to BPA exposure.Moreover,the use of plastic cups for drinking water may be one of the main risk factors of BPA exposure for school-age children.