不同环境下早籼品种稻米品质的鉴定与分析

Identification and analysis on early indica rice quality under different environmental conditions

在早、晚季不同环境条件下 ,测定了 48个早籼品种的 9个稻米品质性状 ,包括外观品质、加工品质和蒸煮品质。结果表明 ,糙米长宽比、糙米率、整精米率、垩白粒率、垩白度和直链淀粉含量的一级达标率分别为早季 5 8.33%、 4.17%、 87.5 0 %、 2 .0 8%、 0和 10 .42 %,晚季 5 8.33%、 6 8.75 %、 97.92 %、 14.5 8%、 12 .5 0 %和2 2 .92 %。依据国标 (1999)优质稻谷的评价标准筛选出可供早季种植的品种有源珍 397,其稻米品质性状达三级标准 ;可供晚季种植的达一级标准的品种有新黄占 ,达二级标准的品种有明恢 6 3、穗丰占、绿黄占和美国茉莉香稻。此外 ,还讨论了不同环境下品质性状变化特点。

Nine rice quality traits, including appearance quality,milling quality and cooking quality of 48 early indica rice varieties planted in early and late seasons were determined.In the light of ratio of length to width of brown rice, percentage of brown rice, percentage of head rice, percentage of chalky grain, chalkness and amylose content, the percentage of varieties which reached the first-class good quality traits standard was 58.33%?4.17%?87.50%?2.08%?0 and 10.42% in early season respectively, and that was 58.33%?68.75%?97.92%?14.58%?12.50% and 22.92% in late season respectively. Based on national standard for valuating good grain quality(issued in 1999), the results of identification showed that Yuanzhen 397 had the third-class of good quality traits and could be grown in early season,Xinhuangzhan owned the first-class of good quality traits and Minghui 63.Suifengzhan,Lühuangzhan and American jasmine fragrant rice possessed the second-class of good quality traits and they might be planted in late season. Moreover the changing characters of quality traits under different environmental conditions and the importance to improve determining method for increasing efficient of rice breeding for good quality were also discussed.