动脉粥样硬化性肾动脉狭窄的介入诊断与治疗方法探讨

Exploration of the interventional diagnosis and treatment for atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis

目的 观察动脉粥样硬化所致的肾动脉狭窄的发生率 ,及经皮肾动脉球囊成形术 (PTRA)加支架术的疗效。方法 对连续 2 0 0例接受冠状动脉 (冠脉 )造影的患者用Judkins右冠脉造影导管作选择性肾动脉造影或腹主动脉数字减影血管造影 (DSA)进行肾动脉造影 ,并对其中 7例肾动脉严重狭窄 (狭窄直径≥ 85 % )患者的 8支狭窄血管行PTRA加支架术 ,所有病变均为动脉粥样硬化所致。结果 2 0 0例受检者中 ,肾动脉狭窄的发生率为 10 .5 % (2 1例 ) ;其中 ,99例冠状动脉心脏病 (冠心病 )患者肾动脉狭窄的发生率为 19.2 % (19例 )。 8支狭窄肾动脉手术的技术成功率达 10 0 % ,随访 3～ 9个月 ,71.4 %的患者血压易于控制 ,其中 3例复查肾动脉造影未见再狭窄。结论 对冠脉有病变的高血压患者 ,在行冠脉造影的同时 ,有必要加做肾动脉造影 ,有助于肾动脉狭窄的早期诊断和治疗 ,避免发生肾功能衰竭。PTRA加支架术是目前治疗肾动脉狭窄的首选方法 ,具有安全、简便、有效的优点。

Objective To determine the prevalence of renal artery stenosis (RAS) and the efficacy of percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) and stenting in patients with documented coronary artery disease.Methods Selective renal artery angiography or abdominal digital subtraction angiography was performed immediately after coronary angiography to detect and quantify RAS in 200 consecutive patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease. Eight severe stenotic renal arteries in 7 patients were treated with PTRA and stenting. All the lesions are considered to be atherosclerotic. Results RAS (defined as ≥50% diameter stenosis) was detected in 21 of 200 patients (10.5%) and 19 of 99 patients with coronary artery disease (19.2%) who had at least one coronary artery of ≥50% diameter stenosis. Procedure success rate was 100% in the 7 patients received PTRA and stenting. Blood pressure control improved in 74.1% patients with hypertension. Angiographic follow up was done in 3 patients in 3 to 9 months and no restenosis was found in the vessels.Conclusions It is necessary to routinely perform RAS for the patients with coronary artery discase undergoing coronary angiography to identify RAS, especially in those associated with hypertension, so as to diagnose and treat RAS in early stage. PTRA and stenting carries high success rate and appears to be an effective and safe treatment for RAS.