论唐代诗人对《史记·李将军列传》的接受

The Acceptance of "Biography of General Li" in Historical Records by Poets of Tang Dynasty

《李将军列传》是司马迁《史记》中最具文学色彩、对后代文人影响最大的篇目之一。在唐人的诗歌中 ,出现了不少与李广有关的诗句。唐人所接受的李广形象 ,或是能骑善射的飞将军 ,或为仁爱士卒的好上将 ,或是一个命运多舛的失意者 ;而在李广与卫青、霍去病的并列接受中 ,又出现了某些矛盾。产生这些接受现象的原因 ,既来自于文本本身的内容 ,也同当时的政治背景、社会氛围及诗人本身的遭遇和情感有关。从分析中我们可以对唐代历史作一个侧面的观照 ,也能够从中解读出中国古代文学接受的某些特殊之处。

Li Guang was recognized by the poets ofTang Dynasty as a 'Flying General' proficient in horse-riding and archery, and considerate to his subordinate soldiers, but a frustrated man with an unfortunate life. This recognition, however, is quite different from that for other two generals Wei Qing and Huo Qu-bing, who were also biographied in Historical Records. The reason for this differences has something to do both with the text itself and with political background, social atmosphere, and the personal experience and affection of the poets. An analysis of this may serve as a retrospect of the history, and reveal something special from the acceptance of classic Chinese literature.