我国小豆种质资源形态多样性鉴定与分类研究

The Morphological Diversity and Classification of Adzuki Bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi] Germplasm Resources in China

对 2 2 4份小豆种质资源的形态多样性进行了研究鉴定 ,结果表明 ,我国小豆种质资源具有丰富的形态多样性 ,平均多样性指数为 1.0 35 ,高于国外材料 (0 .82 7) 2 0 .1%。通过多变量的主成分分析 ,第一主成分和第二主成分一共代表了小豆形态多样性的 5 6 %。基于形态性状 ,把 2 2 4份小豆种质聚类并划分为三大组群 ,第一组群 ,生育期较长 ,植株较高 ,子粒较小 ,半有限或无限生长 ,主要来源于长江中上游及西南地区 ;第二组群 ,生育期较短 ,植株较矮 ,子粒较大 ,有限生长 ,主要来源于东北及华北地区 ;第三组群的特征特性介于第一和第二组群之间 ,主要来源于华中地区。

The morphological diversity and classification of adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & Ohashi] germplasm resources in China were conducted in the present study. The results showed that the morphological diversity was high among accessions assessed. The average diversity index (1.035) was 20.1% higher than that of alien adzuki bean germplasm (0.827). The first and second principal components totally represented 56% of morphological diversity. Based on the morphological data, 224 accessions were clustered into 3 groups. The accessions of the first group had longer growth period and plant height, smaller seed size and indeterminate growth habit etc. They were mainly from the middle & upper reaches of the Yangtze River and the southwestern regions of China. The accessions in the second group had shorter growth period and plant height, bigger seed size and determinate growth habit etc. They were mainly from the northeastern and northern regions of China. The main characters of third group were between the first and the second group. They were mainly from central China. Adzuki bean was mainly distributed in the region from northeastern China to southwestern China.