两种穗型冬小麦品种分蘖成穗与内源激素之间关系的研究

Relationship between Tillers with or without Panicle and Their Endogenous Hormones in Two Winter Wheat Varieties with Different Spike Type

通过对黄淮冬麦区生产上推广的大穗型品种豫麦 6 6和多穗型品种豫麦 49分蘖消长与内源激素的对应变化关系研究 ,结果表明 ,两种穗型品种体内吲哚乙酸 (IAA )、玉米素核苷 (ZR)和玉米素 (Z)、脱落酸 (ABA)含量变化方面存在着差异 :在分蘖盛期豫麦 6 6 IAA和 ZR+Z的蘖、茎比小于豫麦 49,而 ABA的蘖、茎比相反 ;在分蘖衰亡过程中豫麦 6 6分蘖 、 体内 ZR+Z含量在幼穗分化二棱期下降 ,ABA含量在分蘖衰亡前上升 ,IAA含量变化与分蘖衰亡同步 ,而豫麦 49分蘖 、 体内的 3种激素含量变化与主茎同步。同时 ,豫麦 49分蘖 、 叶龄与主茎保持同步增长 ,其幼穗分化在二棱末期赶上主茎 ,最后成穗 ;豫麦 6 6分蘖 、 叶龄随植株发育与主茎差异在返青 (大约 2月 2 5日 )后拉大 ,幼穗分化速度在二棱期开始减慢 。

Changes of endogenous hormones in winter wheat varieties with large spike and multi-spike, Yumai66 and Yumai49, which were spreaded on a larger scale in Yellow River and Huai River Valley winter wheat region, were investigated during tiller-development process. The results showed that the contents of IAA,ZR+Z,ABA of large-spike variety was significantly different from that of multi-spike variety. The ratio of the content of IAA, ZR+Z in tiller and culm in Yuma66 was small than that of Yumai49 in the tillers flourishing stage, but the ABA was contrary. The content of ZR+Z in Yumai66Ⅰ, Ⅱ were descended in the double-ridge stage of spike differentiation in the death process, the content of ABA was ascended before the tiller death and the content of IAA were synchronous development. Changes of the content of three hormones in tillersⅠ, Ⅱ were synchronous development in Yumai49. The leaf ages of tillersⅠ, Ⅱand mainculm in Yumai49 were synchronous development and the young-pinicle-differentiation process of the tillers came up with that of mainculm in the later of double-ridge. The difference of leaf ages between tiller Ⅰ, Ⅱand mainculm in Yumai66 became large after reviving stage(about on Feb. 25th) and the tiller pinicle-differentiation process was delayed.