行政诉讼中禁止重复条款的实践反思

Practice and reflection of banning-repetition provision in Administrative Procedural Law

《行政诉讼法》第七十一条规定,人民法院判决被告重新作出行政行为的,被告不得以同一事实和理由作出与原行政行为基本相同的行政行为。这一"禁止重复条款"在实践中处境尴尬,行政机关违反该条款、藐视司法判决的现象并不少见。导致这种现象的原因很多:司法地位不高、司法制裁手段不足、司法谦抑度不够、少数行政案件过于疑难复杂、对行政权的民意制约乏力等。我们应当正视这一现象,通过切实提升法院地位、完善对行政机关违反该条款的配套制裁措施、强调法院在特定类型案件中尊重行政决定、强化对行政机关的民意制约等,确保行政机关自觉遵循该条款,树立司法权威,以维护相对人的合法权益,节约公共资源。

According to Provision 71 of Administrative Procedural Law, if the People’s Court adjudicates that thedefendant should take administrative act again, he cannot take the same administrative act as the original one based onthe same facts and reasons. This banning-repetition-provision leads to embarrassment in practice. And it is notuncommon for administrative organs to violate this provision and despise judicial decisions. The reasons for thephenomenon are as follows. The political status of the court is not high, legal sanctions not enough, judicial deferencetoo little, some cases too complicated, executive power too willful, and so on. We must face up to the phenomenon, takecorresponding measures to ensure that administrative organs conscientiously abide by the provision, set up the judicialauthority, safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of the other party, and save the public resources.