民智与自由:中国政治传播现代转化的两种维度

Civil wisdom and freedom: Two dimensions about modern transformation of political communication of China

言论自由思想至今仍然遭受着来自各种层面的误读,并对政治传播的秩序构建和有效运行产生负面影响。这种情况与发生于五四前后的中国政治传播现代转化的一系列思想特征与时代局限息息相关。儒家学说的崇智倾向为政治传播传统的创造性转化提供了可能,然而却在西方基于理性和权利的智识论和自由主义思潮的猛烈冲击下最终迷失了方向。由士大夫脱胎而来的现代知识分子虽然成功扮演了公共舆论构建者的角色,却由于对于既有体制特性与文化状态的全盘否定而使自身无法成为足以在国家与民众之间灵活游动的平衡力量。

Freedom of speech has still been misread by all walks of life, and has been exerting negative influence on theorderly construction and effective operation of political communication. This is closely related to a series of thoughtsand limitations of the times that happened to modern transformation of political communication before and after MayFourth Movement. Intellectual tendency in Confucianism provided the possibility for political communication of Chinato transform from tradition to creativity, but finally lost its direction under the invasive and pervasive attacks of westernintellectualism and liberalism. The modern intellectuals have successfully played the part as constructor of publicopinions, but failed to become the power to strike a balance between nation and people owing to the total negation ofinstitutional characteristics and cultural state.