跨国石油公司低油价下的经营态势——解读2015年跨国公司经营年报

Business Operation of Multinational Oil Companies under Low Oil Prices——Analysis of 2015 Annual Business Reports of Multinationals

2015年低油价对石油公司的冲击依然持续,解读BP、壳牌、道达尔、雪佛龙、埃克森美孚5家跨国石油公司年度经营表现出产量总体稳定、利润增长点发生转移、上游效益全面下滑及储量替代率下降等特点。为应对低油价,跨国石油公司围绕核心业务和控制成本进行发展模式调整,具体包括控制投资、资产优化组合、重视安全生产和市场风险控制、大力推进技术创新等。低油价下跨国石油公司普遍加大对天然气和新能源的投资发展力度值得重视,绿色低碳发展道路已成石油行业重要选择。

Oil companies are still under the influence of low oil price starting from 2015. Based on analysis of the annualbusiness results of five multinationals – BP, Shell, Total, Chevron and ExxonMobil, these oil majors have such a seriesof characteristics as production generally kept stable, shift in profit growth point, slide of economic performance in theupstream sector and decline in reserve replacement rate. In response to low oil prices, multinational oil companies focusedon the core business and cost control by means of adjusting their development pattern, such as control over investment,optimization and merger of assets, emphasis on work safety, market risk control and energetic promotion of technologicalinnovation. Under the environment of low oil prices, most multinational oil companies increased investment in developmentof natural gas and new energy. Green and low-carbon development has become an important option for the petroleumindustry.