“臭”的形义衍变考论——兼释“三嗅而作”

Study on the Shape and Meaning Change of “Xiu”——And Explain the Meaning of “San Xiu Er Zuo”

"臭"在古代作动词表示"用鼻子闻",作名词表示"气味、味道、香气、恶臭"等。本文将在前人研究的基础上,从历时和共时的角度对"臭"的词义衍变做全面的考察,同时窥探词义变化与字形变化的关系。再基于"臭"词义衍变考辩的结论,对《论语·乡党》中"三嗅而作"之本义进行辨析,进而为形体与词义衍变关系提供实际例证。

“Xiu” used as a verb refers to the meaning of “smell with the nose”; used as a noun means“smell, taste, aroma, stench” in ancient times. This paper will show the study of its meaning change from the diachronic and synchronic angle,and explore the relationship between its form and meaning change, trying to explain the original meaning of the “San Xiu Eer Zuo” in “The Analects of Confucius ?Village” based on the conclusion of the meaning change of “Xiu” and further to provide the actual example.