关于我国东北内蒙古重点国有林区改革与发展若干问题的思考

Thinking of Reform and Development of Key State-owned Forest Regions in North-east China and Inner Mongolia

东北内蒙古重点国有林区是我国北方地区重要生态屏障,也是我国重要的木材和林产品生产基地。由于林区长期集中过量采伐,采伐方式不合理;加之森林更新、森林抚育严重滞后,使林区陷入了"两危"处境。为恢复林区资源,国家实施天然林保护工程,但工程重点没有放在森林培育上。当前实施停止天然林商业性采伐,对林区资源恢复可能有一定好处,但从长远考虑必须积极加强森林经营,因为合理的森林采伐是森林培育的重要手段,科学利用是森林可持续经营的必然。保障国家木材安全是林业部门的重要职责。对天然林应当进行分类管理。要走出困境深化改革是前提,加强森林培育是基础,发展林业产业是关键,国家政策扶持是保障。

The key state-owned forest regions in north-east China and inner Mongolia are important ecology barrier and important timber production bases for China. Because of long term over harvesting and inappropriate cutting style, along with delay of forest management, the regions are in economic and financial crisis. To restore the forest resources, national natural forest protection was conducted, but the forest cultivation was not the main point. Stopping commercially cutting the natural forest did good for forest restoration,the forest management should be enhanced. Exploitation forest scientifically is important measure for sustainable management. Natural forest should be classified managed, and other suggestions and countermeasures are proposed.