中医古籍书名辨识

Title Identification of TCM Ancient Books

本文以南京中医药大学图书馆所藏古籍为例,对中医古籍书名进行了辨识。中医古籍存在有书无名、一书多名、同名异书、篇名即书名等复杂情况。中医古籍书名依次经历了以经命名、以方命名、以专科命名、以全书命名等漫长历史过程。中医古籍书名用语受中国传统文化影响,出现了圣人托名,使用珍贵、禁秘之词,使用典故,特殊名词指代,以作者名、地名、室名、朝代、年号命名,以儒、道、释专有名词命名的文化现象。通过书名辨识,可以准确快捷地整理、利用中医古籍,有效解决古籍研究中的信息障碍。

Taking the ancient books in the Library of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine as anexample, the study conducted title identification of TCM ancient books. It was found that the names of TCMancient books are complicated, such as books with no names, one book with more than one name, and differentbooks with the same name. The titles of TCM ancient books in turn have experienced the following longhistorical process, medical classics, medical formula, specialist books and pandect. Affected by Chinesetraditional culture, there have been lots of interesting phenomenon about titles of TCM ancient books, e.g. titlereflecting the name of the saint, using uncommon or secret words, using allusions, the term referring to a specialnoun, naming after the name of the author, place, dynasty and reign, and naming the proper nouns inConfucianism, Taoism and Buddhism. By title identification, readers can quickly and accurately organize TCMancient books and effectively break ancient research information barriers.