基于SCP理论的美国电影产业竞争优势研究

Research on the Competitive Advantages of American Film Industry Based on SCP Theory

从市场结构看,美国电影产业制片环节和发行环节的寡占态势明显;从市场行为看,差异化的价格策略与发行窗口转型、多元化的融资模式、规模经济和范围经济兼具的并购行为以及持续的技术创新等策略行为广泛地存在于电影产业之中;从市场绩效来看,电影产业自身效率高、对美国经济贡献显著、给消费者带来了较好的社会福利并具有良好的国际竞争力。本文认为适度垄断的市场结构、有效的策略行为和政府的公共政策是美国电影产业具有竞争优势的保障。

From the perspective of market structure, the American film production and distribution sectors bear the obvious oligopoly characteristics; from the view of market conduct, the price discrimination strategy and window strategy transformation, diversities of financing modes, M&A enhancing economies of scale and scope and sustainable technological innovation exist widely in the film industry; as far as the market performance is concerned, the film industry makes outstanding contributions to the whole USA’s economy and international trade as well as the social welfare. This research found out that the moderate monopoly market structure, effective business strategies and the government's supportive policies are the important pillars which improved the competitive advantages of American film industry.