安全视角下的美国中小学校规模研究

On the Primary and Secondary School Size in America from the Perspective of Security

除了成本效率、学业成就之外,安全视角是美国中小学校规模研究的又一重要路径。研究表明:学校规模会影响学校安全,学校规模越小,学校暴力行为就越少,学校规模越大,学校对安全的关注度越高,严重暴力犯罪发生的可能性更大。迄今为止他们并未就理想的学校规模达成一致结论,但其上限一般不会超过900人。这些研究给我们的启示是:应该将"安全"作为中小学规模研究的重要视角;应该运用复杂性思维研究和处理学校安全与学校规模之间的关系;应该将"安全"作为中小学布局调整的底线标准,严格控制学校规模。

The perspective of security is another important research route of primary and secondary school size in America besides the cost efficiency and academic achievement. The studies show that school size has affected school security. The smaller the school size is, the less school violence takes place. The bigger the school size is,the more attention is paid to school security and the more likely the severe violence crime occurs. These studies have not come to an agreement until now, but generally speaking, school size is controlled within 900 students. It gives us a series of inspirations. We should make security as an important perspective of primary and secondary school size research. Complexity thinking should be applied to the research of the relationship between school size and school security. We should view security as the bottom standard of primary and secondary school layout adjustment and control school size strictly.