摘要
由于对单穗升麻(毛茛科)的形态鉴别性状缺乏确切理解,我国学者长期以来对该种概念和界定的认识有误,常将其与传统定义的、概念过于宽泛的"升麻"相混。基于标本和野外居群观察,我们重估了单穗升麻一些过去被我国学者所忽略或不了解的性状如花序分枝开花顺序、花色、心皮柄长度等的变异式样和分类学价值,确定单穗升麻以顶生小叶披针形至椭圆形,通常三深裂且中裂片再三至五羽状浅裂,顶生总状花序伸长并先于明显较短的侧生总状花序开花,花白色,退化雄蕊亦白色,杯状,顶部二深裂,心皮柄较长且果期继续伸长,而与升麻属其他种类易于区别。我们所揭示的该种在我国的分布区较以前所记录者明显要广。安徽、重庆、甘肃、广东、贵州、河北、黑龙江、河南、湖北、江西、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、陕西、山西、四川、云南、浙江皆有单穗升麻分布。
The concept and delimitation of Actaea simplex (= Cimicifuga simplex) in the Ranunculaceae havebeen previously widely misunderstood in China owing to incomplete knowledge of its diagnostic characters.It has often been confused with the traditionally broadly defined “C. foetida”. Based on observations ofherbarium specimens and living plants in wild populations, here we re-evaluate the variation pattern andtaxonomic value of some morphological characters of the species, such as the flowering sequence of racemeson the inflorescence, flower color, and carpel stipe length, etc., which have all been neglected or ignored byChinese taxonomists. Our results demonstrate that A. simplex is very readily distinguishable from itscongeners by the terminal leaflets lanceolate to elliptic, often deeply 3-partite with the central partitionpinnately 3?5-lobate, the terminal racemes elongate, flowering earlier than the often much shorter lateralracemes, the flowers white, the staminodes also white, cup-shaped, apex deeply bifid, and the carpels longstipitate with the stipes more or less elongate after anthesis. The species is revealed to be much more widelydistributed in China than documented before, occurring in Anhui, Chongqing, Gansu, Guangdong, Guizhou,Hebei, Heilongjiang, Henan, Hubei, Jiangxi, Jilin, Liaoning, Nei Mongol, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan,and Zhejiang.
作者
罗江平
杨亲二
袁琼
LUO Jiang-ping;YANG Qin-er;YUAN Qiong(Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China;Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Utilization of Hunan Province, Jishou University, Jishou 416000, Hunan, China)
出处
《热带亚热带植物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2016年第3期308-326,共19页
Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31470303)
中国科学院植物资源保护与可持续利用重点实验室项目资助~~
关键词
升麻属
地理分布
形态性状
毛茛科
分类学
Actaea
Geographical distribution
Morphological character
Ranunculaceae
Taxonomy