农村语言文字的使用:个体性与层次性并重——基于湖北省农村语言文字使用情况的调查分析

The Use of Language in Rural Areas —— Based on an Investigation in Hubei Province

对湖北农村语言文字使用基本情况调查结果显示,个人因素尤其是年龄与文化程度是影响语言能力的重要因素。调查显示的趋势是湖北农村普通话普及程度加深,推普工作成效显著,语言能力和认同感得到提高与增强,形成了双语的基本格局。但如何坚持学校为主体与教师为主导并行、增强教育部门在管理工作中的灵活性,仍然需要长期的实践与探索。语言文字工作应以强化法制意识为首要前提,以农村校长为抓手,同时以学校、政府机关、新闻媒体和服务行业为基础,不断创新语言文字工作的体制机制,提高管理工作水平。

An investigation of language use in Hubei rural areas indicate that personal factors,especially age and educa-tion,are important conditions that affect language competence. The survey also shows that in Hubei rural areas the popu-larization of Putonghua(mandarin)have achieved positive effects,language competence and consensus are enhanced,and Putonghua and local dialects are being used in parallel. Nevertheless,a long-term practice and experience are stillneeded to learn how schools and teachers continue to play their leading roles and how education authorities will increasetheir flexibility in their management work. The chief precondition for improving the language work is to consolidate peo-ple's awareness of law. Schoolmasters should be given the main responsibility and,meanwhile,schools,governmentagencies,news media,and service industry mobilized as basic supporters,institutional mechanisms for language workfurther innovated and management further improved.