水平半规管良性阵发性位置性眩晕

Horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo

良性阵发性位置性眩晕(Benign Paroxysm Positional Vertigo,BPPV)是一种阵发性、由头位变动引起的伴有特征性眼震的短暂发作性眩晕,是最常见的前庭疾病。后半规管BPPV(Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ofPosterior Semicircular Canal,PSC-BPPV)是最常见的BPPV类型,临床上推荐Dix-Hallpike试验作为诊断PSC-BPPV的"金标准",Epley法是目前治疗PSC-BPPV最有效的复位方法。水平半规管BPPV(Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigoof Horizontal Semicircular Canal,HSC-BPPV)发病机制复杂,是仅次于PSC-BPPV的常见BPPV亚型,其实际发病率可能被低估。临床实践中,HSC-BPPV其诊断与复位治疗方法与PSC-BPPV均不相同。本文即围绕HSC-BPPV研究的发展史及流行病学、分类、病因、发病机制、诊断及治疗复位方法的相关进展做一综述。

Benign paroxysmal position vertigo (BPPV) is a paroxysmal short episode of vertigo caused by head positionchanges accompanied by characteristic nystagmus, and the most common vestibular disorder. Posterior semicircular canalBPPV (-BPPV) is the most common type of BPPV. Dix-Hallpike test has been recommended as a "gold diagnostic standard"for PSC-BPPV and Epley maneuver is the most effective method for treating PSC-BPPV. Horizontal Semicircular CanalBPPV (HSC-BPPV) is second common only to the PSC-BPPV, although its actual incidence may have been underestimated.However, Diagnosis and treatment of HSC-BPPV are not the same as PSC-BPPV. History, research, epidemiology, classification,etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment developments relevant to HSC-BPPV are reviewed in this article.