中俄犯罪小说“次恶”形象研究——以《太阳黑子》和《罪与罚》为例

A Research on the Image of “Lesser Evil” in the Crime Fictions of China and Russia——A comparative study of Sunspot and Crime and Punishment

长久以来,不论是读者接受还是学者研究,人们作为文本接受者关注的焦点总是小说中的主角,而往往忽略了次要人物的形象与特质。在犯罪小说中这种现象尤为显著,主人公紧张的作案过程及心理活动,一举一动都牵动着接受者的心绪,以至于几乎完全遮盖了"次恶"形象的气质与光芒。作为中俄犯罪小说的典型代表作品,《太阳黑子》和《罪与罚》在成功塑造了犯罪主人公典型形象的同时,也将"次恶"形象的独特气质与生存状态刻画得淋漓尽致。他们作为城市的参与者和旁观者对社会、城市清醒的认知,在面对社会现实的残酷阴暗面,回望自己犯下的过往罪恶时所表现出的挣扎与彷徨、忏悔与赎罪,同样意义非凡,具有动人心魄的力量。

For a long time, people, readers and scholars, always pay greater attention to the protagonists in the novel, and often ignore the image and characteristics of the secondary characters, which is particularly significant in reading crime fictions, The protagonist’s intense manner when committing the crime and the illustration of his mental activities affects the mood of recipients, thus putting in shade the temperament and luster of the “lesser evil” image. Both Sunspot and Crime and Punishment, the representative crime fictions of China and Russia,shape the typical image of crime heroes successfully, but also depict “the lesser evil” images of the unique temperament and survival state incisively and vividly. As the urban participants and bystanders, they cognize the city and society clearly, face the brutal and ugly side of social reality, and, look back their past sins with struggle and hesitation, confession and atonement, hence a special significance with captivating power.