南海北部海岛周边海域生态环境质量综合评价

Integrated assessment on ecological environment quality of sea areas around islands in northern South China Sea

基于国内外海洋生态环境质量综合评价方法,结合我国海洋生态环境调查数据,从环境和生物学要素中选取12个指标建立评价指标体系,确定5个评价等级及标准,采用层次分析法确定指标权重,构建我国海岛周边海域生态环境质量综合评价方法.选取南海北部10个代表性海岛,对其周边海域生态环境质量进行综合评价,结果表明:研究海岛中特呈岛和内伶仃岛评价等级为中,其余8个海岛均为良;离岸距离、陆源污染物排放量和海水交换能力直接影响评价结果.该方法能较好地反映海岛周边海域生态环境状况,可操作性强,可作为今后我国海岛周边海域生态环境质量评价的参考.

Based on the integrated assessment methods of marine ecological environment quality, and the survey data inChina, an integrated assessment method of ecological environment quality of sea areas around islands was established.Totally 12 indices were selected from environmental and biotic elements to set up an integrated assessment index system,and then 5 classification levels and their evaluation standards were determined. The weights of indices were determinedusing analytic hierarchy process. 10 representative islands were selected in northern South China Sea according to thecharacteristics of geographical distribution, around which the ecological environment quality of sea areas were assessedusing the above method for case study. The result showed that 8 islands were classified as in ‘Good’ status and the other 2islands were in ‘Moderate’ status. The northern South China Sea was generally at good status. The ecological environmentquality was influenced by the offshore distance, the discharge of land based pollutant, and sea water exchange ability. Theintegrated assessment method established in this paper was able to objectively reflect the ecological environment status ofsea areas around islands.