基于二次调节技术的液压挖掘机回转系统节能仿真研究

The Energy-saving Simulation Research on Hydraulic Excavator Swing System Based on Secondary Regulation Technology

当前传统液压挖掘机在一次工作循环中，回转过程的能量消耗约占总能量消耗的25%～40%，其中回转动能很大一部分都通过溢流阀损失，最终以热能的形式而散发掉。为此，该文基于二次调节技术构建液压挖掘机回转系统，利用仿真软件AMESim建立了整个系统的仿真模型，并根据液压挖掘机回转90度的典型工况，进行挖掘机回转制动能量回收效率的节能仿真研究，结果表明：系统总的制动能量回收效率可达到η=62.4%，在相同的工况下比普通液压挖掘机节能24.7%。与此同时，该文应用该仿真模型，对影响能量回收效率的因素进行定性研究，结果表明：随着转动惯量的增大或系统压力提高，能量回收效率η及节能效率ηs均增大；而随着蓄能器容积的增大，能量回收效率η几乎不变，节能效率ηs明显减小。

The energy loss during rotation accounts for 25%-40% of the total energy consumption of conventional hydraulic excavator in a working cycle, and most rotary kinetic energy loses through the relief valve, finally dissipating in the form of heat. This paper builds a hydraulic excavator swing system based on secondary regulation technology and establishes the simulation model of the whole system via simulation software AMESim. Additionally, based on a typical working condition that the hydraulic excavator slews 90 degrees, the energy-saving simulation of excavator slewing brake energy recovery efficiency is investigated. The results show that the total brake energy recovery efficiency of system can reach 62.4%,and that the hydraulic excavator with secondary regulation technology can save 24.7% more energy compared with ordinary hydraulic excavator under the same working condition. Influence factors of energy recovery efficiency are also investigated.According to the results, energy recovery efficiency η and energy-saving efficiency ηs increase with the increment of rotational inertia or system pressure; while increase of the accumulator volume results in an almost unchanged energy recovery efficiency η and an obviously decreased energy saving efficiency ηs .