互联网全球治理的新篇章：IANA管理权移交与ICANN问责制度改革

The new era of global governance IANA over control with ICANN accountability system reform

2014年3月14日美国商务部国家通讯与信息管理局宣布互联网关键职能管理权将移交给利益有关各方的全球社群。自此,ICANN在两年多的时间内召集互联网利益有关各方磋商形成了管理权移交的方案,同时有关社群形成了ICANN问责制度改革的方案。2016年8月,美国商务部国家通讯与信息管理局认可了ICANN提交的上述实施方案,宣布管理权将于2016年10月1日移交给ICANN建立的运行IANA功能的新机构"PTI"。同时,ICANN修订了其宪章与章程,建立新的问责制度,保障有关社群拥有监督与制约ICANN组织机构与政策决策的权力。管理权移交及ICANN问责制度改革将深刻改变利益有关各方的权力关系,并对国际政治与互联网全球治理产生深层影响。

The United States Department of Commerce National Telecommunications andInformation Administration (NTIA) made the announcement in March 2014 that the IANA stewship may be relinquished to the global Internet community through a process convened by ICANN,which has been operating the IANA function. All through two years, the ICANN IANA StewardshipTransition Steering Group (ISG) completed the transition proposal. Meanwhile, ICANN crosscommunityworking group worked out the proposal on the reform of ICANN accountabilitymechanisms, which is supplementary to the Stewardship Transition. The NTIA confirmed in August2016 the proposals submitted by ICANN and announced the commencement of the stewardshiprelinquishment from October 1, 2016. The Public Technical Identifier (PTI), a new organizationoperating IANA function under the contract with ICANN, has been established. ICANN’s Bylawsand Articles of Incorporation have been amended to implement the new accountability mechanisms.With the coming close of the saga, the new power landscape will emerge and the dynamics of themulti-stakeholder governance will be changed.