不同施氮量对茄子产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响

Effects of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Application Rates on Yield,Quality and Fertilizer Utilization Rate of Eggplant

为探究不同施氮量对茄子产量、品质及肥料利用率的影响,以陇优长茄为试验材料,采用盆栽试验,测定了不同施氮水平下(0,192,231,288,384 kg/hm^2),茄子干物质积累量、产量、营养品质及各器官养分含量。结果表明,茄子产量随着氮肥用量的增加先升高后降低,T2产量最高,为61 920 kg/hm^2。氮肥用量(x)与茄子产量(y)之间存在显著的相关关系,数学模型为y=-0.570 9x2+290.03x+22 915,R2=0.989 9**。各施肥处理中,可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量均以T2最高,分别为3.433%和2.264 mg/g;维生素C以T1最高,为70.610 mg/100g;硝酸盐含量以T1最低,为311.952 mg/kg。氮肥利用率随着施氮量的减少而升高,T1最高,为36.78%;磷、钾的利用率都以T2最高,分别为23.23%,33.82%。因此,适当减少氮肥用量(T2)能够使茄子产量达到最高的同时,还可显著改善茄子品质、提高肥料的利用率。

Took pot-trialed eggplant Longyouchangqie as material to explore the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer application rates on yield,quality and fertilizer utilization rate of eggplant. Set five nitrogen application rates:0,192,231,288,384 kg / ha,and measured dry matter accumulation,yield,quality and organ nutrient content. The results showed that the yield increased at first and then decreased with the increasing of nitrogen application. Maximum yield was found in T2 treatment,61 920 kg / ha. There was a significant correlation between nitrogen fertilization rate( x) and the eggplant yield( y),the mathematical mode was y =- 0. 570 9x2+ 290. 03 x + 22 915,R^2=0. 989 9**. Among the fertilizer treatments,T2 had the highest content of soluble sugar and soluble protein,respectively were 3. 433% and 2. 264 mg / g,the highest content of Vc was T1,70. 610 mg /100 g,the lowest content of nitrate was T1,311. 952 mg / kg. Nitrogen utilization rate raised with the decreasing of nitrogen amount,T1 was highest,36. 78%. T2 had the highest utilization rate of phosphorus and potassium,respectively were 23. 23%,33. 82%.In conclusion,appropriate to reduce nitrogen fertilizer rate( T2) can obtain highest eggplant yield,also significantly improve eggplant quality and fertilizer utilization rate.