小剂量阿司匹林在预防孕妇先兆子痫中的临床应用

Clinical effect of low- dose aspirin used for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at high risk

目的：观察小剂量阿司匹林在预防孕妇先兆子痫中的临床作用。方法:选取128例合并有先兆子痫高危因素孕龄为12~20周的孕妇，被平均分为两组，每组64例。A组受试者每日口服阿司匹林60mg,B组未予阿司匹林。观察两组孕妇发生先兆子痫、胎盘早剥的发生率、产后出血情况，及胎儿出生时的一般情况。结果：口服60mg/d的阿司匹林能有效降低先兆子痫的发生率(4.69%VS20.31%，_P<0.001)和降低胎盘早剥的发生风险（1.56%VS3.12%，_P<0.001)，增加孕妇的任娘时限（38.45wVS37.13w，_P<0.001)。增加新生儿的身长（48.58cmVS45.67cm,_P<0.001)和体重（3172.25gVS3095.43g，P<0.001)，但并不增加孕妇产后出血的风险(9.37%VS10.94%，_P>0.05)。结论:对并有先兆子痫高危因素的孕妇从孕周12~20周开始每日口服60mg的阿司匹林能有效预防先兆子痫的发生。

Objective To observe clinical effect of low - dose aspirin used for the prevention of preeclampsia in women at highrisk. Method 128 cases of pregnant women with high risk of preeclampsia were divided into aspirin group (group A) and controlgroup (group B) ,64 patients in each group. Group A were treated with aspirin 60 mg a day,while group B with nothing. The incidencerate of preeclampsia,placental abruption,postpartum hemorrhage,and the general conditions of fetus were compared betweenthe two groups. Results Compared with group B,the incidence rate of preeclampsia,placental abruption were respectively significantlydecreased(4. 69% VS 20. 31% ,P <0. 001 ;1. 56% VS 3. 12% ,P <0. 001 ) ,while the incidence rate of postpartum hemorrhageshowed no significant difference(9. 37% VS 10. 94% >0. 05). There were significant difference in body length,weight offetus between the two groups (48.58 cm VS 45. 67 cm ,P<0.001;3 172.25 g VS 3 095.43 g,P<0.001 ). Conclusion Pregnantwomen who are at high risk of preeclampsia will obtain a benefit of low - dose aspirin in the prevention of preeclampsia.