内蒙古地区城市化对生物多样性的影响及维护措施

The effects of urbanization on biodiversity and maintenance measures in Inner Mongolia area

内蒙古地区分布丰富的生态系统类型,保存着许多孑遗物种、珍稀物种和特有种属,且具有生态屏障功能,是我国生物多样性的关键地区之一。伴随着城市化在全球范围内的迅速发展,内蒙古城市化水平显著提高,并对生物多样性和生态系统的功能造成了深刻的影响。内蒙古城市化引起了土地利用和土地覆盖变化,导致生境破碎化,造成物种空间分布格局发生变化。此外,城市化进程中的人为活动,也改变了城市区域植物区系的组成和物种多样性。因此有必要采取相关措施,保护城市化进程中的生物多样性。

Inner Mongolia region has rich ecosystem types and preser^^ed many relic species, rare species and endemic species and has the function of ecological barrier, is one of the key areas of our biodiversity. With the rapid development of urbanization in the world,the urbanization level of Inner Mongolia has been greatly improved, and it has a profound impact on the biodiversity and ecosystem function.Inner Mongolia urbanization has caused the change of land use and land cover, resulting in habitat fragmentation, and the changes in the pattern of species spatial distribution. In addition, the human activities in the process of urbanization have also changed the composition of plant flora and species diversity in the urban area. So it is necessar^^ to take some measures to protect the biological diversity in the process of urbanization.