地铁站Y型通道内行人汇集流交通特性

Characteristics of Pedestrian Merging Flow in the Subway Y-shaped Channel

为探索地铁站汇集通道内行人流密度的变化特征,建立改进偏随机步行者格子气模型来模拟开放边界条件下高峰期Y型通道内行人流汇集过程,模型由正方形与三角形格子组成,并利用QT编程仿真以任意角度相交的通道内的行人流.通过分析分支通道与汇集通道内行人流密度的相变规律特征,得到密度变化相图.研究证明汇集通道内行人流密度随分支通道宽度及偏移角度的变化关系,并结合理论推导证明仿真结果的准确性.研究发现:对于分支通道宽度相同的Y型通道,当分支通道行人流密度分别为0.4和0.3时,汇集通道内行人流发生拥挤过度,此时汇集处行人流密度约为0.5;但当分支通道宽度不同时,Y型通道汇集处发生拥挤的临界密度随分支通道宽度比值增大而减小,且随偏移角度增大而增大.

To explore the variation of pedestrian density in the merging channel of subway station, a modified lattice gas model with biased random walkers was proposed to simulate the aggregation process of pedestrian flows in Y-shaped channel in peak time under open boundary conditions. The model consisted of square and triangular lattices, and QT simulation program was used to mimic the pedestrian flow in channels intersected at any angle. By analyzing the phase transition characteristics of pedestrian flow densities in both branch channels and merging channel, the density phase diagram was obtained. Studies show that the pedestrian flow density of the merging channel changed with variation of the width and offset angle of the branch channels, combined with theoretical analysis to prove the accuracy of the simulation results. It is found in the study that for a Y-shaped channel with the same branch channel width, the dynamic transition of Y-shaped channel occurs at density of branch channel is 0. 4 and 0. 3 respectively,and the merging channel density is at around 0. 5 , but when the widths of branch channels are not the same, the critical density of merging flow decreases with the channel width ratio increase and increases with the offset angle increase.