基于共享心智模型的设计智力协同过程研究

Research on Design Mental Collaboration Process Based on Shared Mental Models

针对当前的共享心智模型理论不能完全适应协同设计,不能显性地描述智力协同过程的问题,分别从设计角度和认知角度研究了"个体心智模型-共享心智模型"与"设计问题-设计解"2个演化过程的相互作用规律,形成了"设计问题→个体心智模型→共享心智模型→设计解"的认知机理.在此基础上,建立了基于共享心智模型的设计智力协同求解模型.首先表达并诱发个体设计心智模型的知识和信念要素,然后以语句为基本单位,考虑共享度和个体权重因素,融合生成共享设计心智模型,进而从中提取出设计问题的方案解.以3D打印机喷头的协同设计过程为例,以文中提出的机理为指导建立了团队共享设计心智模型,有效地解决了该设计问题.

Because the existing shared mental model theories cannot fully adapt to collaborative design and giveexplicit explanation for mental collaboration, this paper studied the interaction between two evolution processes,named “individual mental models-shared mental models” and “design problem-design solutions”, from the perspectivesof design and cognition. A cognitive mechanism of “design problem → individual mental models →shared mental models → design results” was revealed. And a design mental collaboration solution model wasbuilt based on the shared mental model theories. Firstly, the knowledge and belief of individual design mentalmodels were expressed and induced as two core elements; Secondly, considering factors of sharing degree and individualweight, individual design mental models were integrated into the shared design mental models with thestatement as the basic unit; Thirdly, the solution of the design problem was extracted from the shared designmental model. The collaborative design of 3D printer nozzles was taken as an example to construct the sharddeign mental model under the guidance of this mechanism, which solved the problem effectively.