高强度环境规制能促进产业结构升级吗?——基于环境规制分类视角的研究

Can Intensive Environmental Regulation Promote the Upgrading of Industrial Structure?A Research Based on Different Kinds of Environmental Regulation

产业结构升级是践行可持续发展理念的重要途径,环境规制则可以通过优胜劣汰来驱动产业结构的不断调整。环境规制对产业结构升级产生什么样的作用以及如何产生作用,是本文研究的重点,这也是正确发挥环境规制作用、顺利实现产业结构升级的重要议题。本文采用中国30个省市自治区(不含港、澳、台和西藏地区)的面板数据,运用面板门槛模型,考察了环境规制同产业结构升级的非线性关系并估计门槛值。研究发现:行政化环境规制对产业结构升级表现出显著正向促进作用,市场化环境规制对产业结构升级的影响显著且存在基于行政化环境规制的"双门槛效应"。此外,在行政化环境规制的配合下,我国大部分省份的市场化环境规制显著驱动了产业结构的升级;由于吉林和江西等5个省份行政化环境规制较弱而未能实现与市场化等环境规制工具的有效组合,导致正式环境规制明显抑制了产业结构的升级;山西和贵州等6个省份对行政化规制工具的过分依赖,使得正式环境规制对产业结构升级表现出不显著的阻碍作用。

The upgrading of industrial structure is an important way to practice the idea of sustainable development,and environmental regulation can drive the continuous adjustment of industrial structure through the survival of the fittest.It is the key point of this paper what effect environmental regulation has on industrial structure upgrading and how to produce it. It is also the important issue to play the role of environmental regulation correctly and realize upgrading of industrial structure smoothly. Based on the provincial panel data, this paper uses the panel threshold model to estimate the nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation and the upgrading of industrial structure, and calculate the corresponding threshold value. The results show that: administrative environmental regulation has a significant positive effect on the upgrading of industrial structure, and the impact of market-oriented environmental regulation on the upgrading of the industrial structure has significant double threshold effect. In addition, under the cooperation of administration environmental regulation, the market-oriented environmental regulation in most provinces can significantly drive the upgrading of the industrial structure. Because the administrative environmental regulation of Jilin and other four provinces is weak and failed to achieve the effective combination with the tool of market-oriented environmental regulation,led to the formal environmental regulation significantly inhibited the upgrading of the industrial structure. The economic development of some provinces, such as Shanxi and Guizhou, is relatively backward, and the degree of marketization is generally low,leading to the formal environmental regulation insignificantly inhibited the upgrading of the industrial structure.