情感论与文化阐释的转向——评余英时《曹雪芹的反传统思想》

The Affective Theory and the Turn towards Cultural Interpretation:on YU Yingshi's The Anti-traditional Thought of CAO Xueqin

余英时提出的"两个世界论"存在忽视叙事系统内部差异的缺陷,《曹雪芹的反传统思想》则进一步强调《红楼梦》文本研究的重要性,从小说文本内部的断裂与差异出发,在批评逻辑上体现了从体系论批评向开放式批评的转换,克服了"两个世界论"的论述困境。余英时认为曹雪芹批评的对象是礼法,并与实证考据结合,从学理层面否定了阶级论的合理性,从思想交融的社会背景与曹雪芹民族认同的情感出发,认为《红楼梦》的创作基点为"情"。该文体现了从文化批评的角度对古典小说进行阐释的潜力,为小说美学学科领域内新的学术范式的确立提供了拓展空间。

"The Theory of the Two Worlds",put forward by YU Yingshi,overlooks the inner difference of the narrativesystem. From the perspective of the rupture and difference in the interior text of the novel,The anti-traditional thoughtof CAO Xueqin emphasizes the importance of the text in the research on Dream of the Red Chamber,which reflects atransformation from the paradigm of systemic critique to the paradigm of open critique,overcoming the defect of narrativepredicament in "The Theory of the Two Worlds". YU Yingshi holds that CAO Xueqin criticizes the rite with empiricalevidence,negating the rationality of class viewpoint. From the perspective of the social background of the mixed thoughts,as well as the emotion of the national identity of CAO Xueqin,YU Yingshi believes that the fundamental point of Dream ofthe Red Chamber is the emotion. YU Yingshi's article reflects the potential in the interpretation of classical novel from theperceptive of cultural critique,providing an expanding space for a new academic paradigm in aesthetics.